"And research is underway on a vaccine, a Lyme disease vaccine, which is to work in a very specific way, because after vaccination, a person will generate antibodies that, attention, after entering the tick's body, will neutralize the bacteria, specifically preventing them from penetrating or traveling to the salivary glands, penetrating the host's body. This means that this vaccine will not teach our bodies to fight Lyme disease. It will not teach our bodies to neutralize Lyme disease. But our blood, our blood, when drunk by a tick, will prevent these bacteria from migrating into our bodies. "

"Sry, the mammalian Y-chromosomal testis-determining gene, is a master regulator of male sex determination. It acts to switch the undifferentiated genital ridge towards testis development, triggering the adoption of a male fate. Sry initiates a cascade of gene networks through the direct regulation of Sox9 expression and promotes supporting cell differentiation, Leydig cell specification, vasculature formation and testis cord development. "

"The body of this individual will react to testosterone, because the fact that someone has a high level of testosterone, but for example a genetic mutation that makes the cells not react to this testosterone, will make this development rather tend towards female. "

"The IOC decided that to compete in women's competitions or in mixed categories as a woman, one will need to have one test in their lifetime that shows that there is no SRY gene in their genome, that this gene is not present. "

"Ticks are only vectors of this disease. They are not all born contaminated with Lyme disease. They are born clean, hatch from eggs, clean, and here a reservoir of this disease is needed, i.e., animals that have Lyme disease in their system, on which ticks feed before potentially infecting us. And most often, good reservoirs for Borrelia, Burgdorferii bacteria, generally Borrelia, are rodents, small rodents that cope well in a situation where such a large forest is fragmented. "

"Climate changes that we are currently observing favor the development of insect-borne diseases. These are so-called vector-borne diseases. [...] The increase in average temperature, the lengthening of the growing season, mild winters and warm summers are key factors causing vectors to survive longer and their population to constantly grow. Warmer winters mean more of them survive. 'Thus, a causal chain is created: climate warming in Poland means warmer winters -> warmer winters mean more ticks and rodents survive -> more ticks 'catch' Borrelia spirochetes from rodents -> more ticks feed on humans -> more people get Lyme disease as a result of tick feeding'. Ticks primarily like humid places with small temperature amplitudes, where rich vegetation occurs. Removing wild animals and intensive mowing weaken these mechanisms and increase the risk of contact with infected ticks. "

"Allen Steer took up the case. Allen Steer from the university quickly noticed certain patterns, recurring themes from the surveys, patterns that led him to confirm the mothers' suspicions. For example, young patients were united by the fact that they lived near dense forests, and their ailments were most bothersome in the summer months. The key, however, turned out to be the report or reports of red expanding spots on the children's skin. Spots that were observed before the onset of this joint pain. "

"Ste suspected that these were cases of so-called erythema migrans, something that as early as 1909, the Swedish physician Arvid Avzelius associated with tick bites of the genus. He also noticed that it happens that after such erythema, some patients, well, because they were already sick then, developed meningitis. This was another interesting correlation. Many things therefore indicated that young people from Lyme were attacked by a disease transmitted by ticks. "

"This mystery was only solved by what? It was only solved in 1981 by Willy Burgdorfer. Willy Burgdorfer, who identified spirochete-like bacteria residing in the guts of Ixodes ticks. He then proved that these bacteria were responsible for the symptoms in patients from Connecticut, and the pathogen was named after the discoverer. Today it appears in textbooks as Borrelia Burgdorferi. The disease itself is Lyme borreliosis or, in short, borreliosis. "

"First, post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome. This is a term recognized by major medical institutions. A recognized, acknowledged entity, and it describes a state in which these non-specific symptoms persist for over half a year, mind you, despite completed proper antibiotic therapy in the treatment of Lyme disease. And according to the mainstream of science, PTLDS is not the result of an ongoing infection, but rather some kind of, one might say, after-effects of the disease. "

"However, evidence-based medicine, evidence-based science indicates a lack of repeatable evidence for the presence of live spirochetes in such individuals, a lack of efficacy of such therapy compared to placebo, which is why this term is rather considered erroneous, or perhaps even unproven, although it must be honestly admitted that newer research, quite new research, perhaps better shows that Borrelia bacteria, burgdorferi and sensu lato, can actually form, for example, persistent subpopulations. "

"In this century, the worldwide burden of Lyme disease has increased, and it is now being observed in areas of the globe where it had previously not been reported. "

"Our urbanization trend is that people like to live near some green corner. To allocate space for a housing estate there, it is very often necessary to divide such forest areas, and then not only are ticks close, but also reservoirs, diseases, reservoirs of bacteria fare better in such a fragmented forest, or these small creatures cope quite well with the fragmentation of such a forest. "

"In 1975, in Connectic Atline, located in American Connecticut, a mysterious disease began to affect children. Painful joint swelling led doctors to suggest that they were suffering from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The problem is that this is a rather rare, perhaps even very rare disease, and such a concentration of cases in one place and time led to the suspicion that all this had some other, unknown, potentially infectious cause. "

"The history of intentional fermentation is probably much longer than the history of civilization we are currently able to trace. The oldest evidence that someone intentionally fermented something there to obtain ethanol. It is 10, 13,000 years old. "

"If this gene means that there is no Y chromosome in the genome. This is important. Here we are not testing for the presence of the Y chromosome. We are testing for the presence of the gene on the chromosome, because for various reasons such a Y chromosome, if present, may be incomplete. "

"If someone proves that their body is insensitive to androgens, meaning testosterone, among other male hormones, that is the fifth point from the list I presented, that the body must react to testosterone, then they can compete in women's categories, even if they possess the SRY gene. "

"There are known, albeit few, but confirmed cases where, for example, a pregnancy began as a twin pregnancy, as dizygotic twins of different sexes, and then these embryos fused, and there are cases where, for example, someone is clearly a woman. There have been such cases, but a certain part of that person's cells developed according to her brother's DNA. "

"For this gene to work in this way, it must be undamaged, it must be 100% correct and functional, and it must undergo expression. Because the fact that we have a gene does not automatically mean that it will be used by our body to produce proteins. Such use of a gene is professionally called the expression of that gene. "

"Caster Semenya won gold then, so she, who also has this functioning SRY gene, will no longer be able to compete in women's categories. There will no longer be this action related to artificially lowering testosterone levels. "

"A man will have a Y chromosome. This is the 23rd pair of sex chromosomes. Uh, and the presence of the Y chromosome in the vast majority of cases results in someone biologically developing as a male. "

"The striking male postpubertal increase in circulating testosterone provides a major, ongoing, cumulative, and durable physical advantage in sporting contests by creating larger and stronger bones, greater muscle mass and strength, and higher circulating hemoglobin as well as possible psychological (behavioral) differences. Research suggests that prenatal levels of testosterone are related to finger length development and traits beneficial to athletic skill, such as power, endurance, visual-spatial skills, or sensation seeking and dominance behavior. "

"And of course, it's not that this condition was completely unnoticed before, because already in 1883 in Wrocław, then German, Alfred Buchwald described chronic atrophic acrodermatitis, characteristic of late Lyme disease. I have already mentioned the connection between ticks, erythema migrans, and some meningitis. Lymphocytoma cutis, occurring in 1% of Lyme disease cases, has been treated with penicillin in Europe since the 1950s. "

"Nevertheless, Lyme disease, Lyme disease as such, as a complex disease entity, has a relatively short history. A history that actually begins in 1975. It is therefore a young ailment, which holds many mysteries, and because of this, many half-truths and untruths about it circulate in the public sphere. "

"Another matter concerns what some call chronic Lyme disease. And this concept is imprecise, even though it is used by some organizations, including those that associate doctors. According to them, Borrelia spirochetes can survive standard treatment by hiding in the body in the form of biofilms, cysts, or so-called persister cells or drug-insensitive subpopulations. Proponents of this theory believe that patients are still struggling with an active infection and require multi-month treatment with several antibiotics simultaneously. "

"This document concerns the Olympic Games. In the case of other competitions that are not organized under the auspices of the IOC, the rules imposed by the federation organizing these competitions apply, so it does not have to be universal in all sports competitions you watch or follow. "